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Summary
Summary
There is nothing better than a freshly picked apple or raspberry from your own backyard and yet many home owners lack the resources or the necessary gardening acumen to effectively plant and harvest their own fruit. While some fruits, like apples, grow in almost any climate (as many as 35 of 50 states providing perfect conditions), others like blackberries and blueberries are incredibly hard to grow without the right soil, weather, and care. This book will guide every man and woman out there who has ever wanted to grow their own crop of fruits and berries or who has tried and failed. From the simplest fruit tree to the most fickle berry bush, this book will be your one and only guide. You will learn how to select your fruits and berries of choice, using a combination of climate information that matches the best possible bushes, trees, and vines to your home and how these plants will grow there. You will learn how to maintain your plants in your climate with the right sunlight, location, soil, and fertiliser and what each different kind of fruit or berry needs to be most effective. You will learn the planting conditions and the maintenance that each fruit or berry needs, from pruning and picking, to maintaining a pest free environment around your plants. Starting with the most basic aspects of your planting sequence, you will learn everything possibly needed to grow and have your very own fruits and berries every year. Additionally, the top gardeners around have contributed, through interviews, their own tips and tricks to effectively growing and maintaining the lives of your new fruit and berry trees and bushes. With this book, any prospective gardener can start enjoying the sweet fruits of their labour.
Author Notes
Karen Szklany Gault spent her childhood in Hawthorne, New York and has since called Ireland and several of the United States her home. She holds a B.A. in Psychology from Marist College(1986) and a M.Ed. in Elementary Education from the University of Massachusetts, Boston (1996). She currently resides in Berlin, Massachusetts with her husband and daughter as a member of Mosaic Commons, a cohousing community, where she enjoys creating her own backyard garden and home-schools her daughter, Cosette. When she is not gardening or home-schooling, she makes music, walks labyrinths, sails, cooks, bakes, and makes cross-stitch tapestries.
Table of Contents
Introduction | p. 13 |
Chapter 1 Types of Fruits and Berries | p. 17 |
Fruits and Berries Across the Country | p. 17 |
Geographical Regions of the United States | p. 19 |
Pacific Ocean | p. 22 |
Mountains | p. 25 |
Southwest | p. 26 |
Plains | p. 28 |
South Central | p. 29 |
Southeast | p. 30 |
Mid-Atlantic | p. 31 |
Great Lakes | p. 32 |
New England | p. 34 |
Chapter 2 What Types of Fruits and Berries Should I Grow? | p. 37 |
Things to Consider | p. 40 |
Topography - lay of the land and soil erosion | p. 40 |
Soil quality | p. 41 |
Moisture | p. 42 |
Climate that supports certain fruits and berries | p. 43 |
Sunlight and shade - what is available for growing | p. 44 |
Pollination opportunities for growth and fruiting success | p. 45 |
Available space - how much of each fruit can be planted | p. 47 |
Disease and insect resistance - the survival of fruits and berries | p. 48 |
Underground structural obstacles | p. 49 |
Best Seasons | p. 49 |
Planting seasons | p. 51 |
Harvesting | p. 51 |
Some Final Notes about Personal Preference | p. 53 |
Chapter 3 Soil Texture, Quality, and Enrichment | p. 57 |
Soil Testing | p. 58 |
Acid vs. Alkaline | p. 60 |
Types of Soil | p. 62 |
Sandy soil | p. 64 |
Gravelly Soil | p. 65 |
Silty soil | p. 65 |
Clay soil | p. 66 |
Chalky soil | p. 66 |
Peaty soil | p. 67 |
Loamy Soil | p. 67 |
Creating Organic Soil with Worms | p. 68 |
Why use worms? | p. 68 |
Where to find the worms | p. 69 |
Where to keep the worms | p. 70 |
Furnishing a home for the worms | p. 70 |
Care of the worms | p. 71 |
Case Study: A Bin of Worms Named ôSteveö | p. 72 |
Feeding Your Soil | p. 74 |
Mulch materials for fertile soil | p. 74 |
Manures | p. 79 |
Compost | p. 79 |
Natural soil composition | p. 82 |
Layering of soil with mulch materials | p. 85 |
Case Study: Down and Dirty Methods for Making Garden Soil Fertile | p. 86 |
Chapter 4 Basic Gardening Tools You Will Need | p. 89 |
Description of Tools | p. 89 |
Clothing | p. 90 |
Mapping the garden | p. 92 |
Digging and soil preparation | p. 94 |
Moving rocks and large piles of earth | p. 96 |
Sowing and planting | p. 97 |
Containers | p. 98 |
Pruning | p. 103 |
Protection from pests and diseases | p. 106 |
Harvesting equipment | p. 106 |
Care and Maintenance of Gardening Tools for the Winter Months | p. 107 |
Chapter 5 Pollination | p. 109 |
Anatomy of a Fruit Flower | p. 112 |
Self-Pollinating Plants | p. 113 |
Cross-Pollinating Plants | p. 114 |
Artificial Pollination | p. 115 |
Keeping Bees | p. 118 |
Chapter 6 Cultivation and Planting | p. 123 |
Grafting | p. 125 |
Planting Tree Fruits | p. 127 |
Planting Citrus Fruits | p. 132 |
Planting Melons | p. 137 |
Planting Brambles | p. 140 |
Steps to take before planting | p. 141 |
Discerning the best brambleberry to grow | p. 142 |
Preparing to transplant brambles | p. 143 |
Digging the holes for brambles | p. 143 |
Completing the planting process | p. 145 |
Planting Bush Berries | p. 145 |
Blueberries | p. 147 |
Other bush berries | p. 151 |
Planting Strawberries | p. 154 |
Sunlight | p. 155 |
Soil | p. 156 |
Runner production and spacing | p. 156 |
Planting | p. 158 |
Planting Grape Vines | p. 161 |
Location | p. 162 |
Preparing the soil | p. 163 |
Planting the grape vines | p. 163 |
Trellis design | p. 165 |
Vine training systems | p. 168 |
Planting Kiwifruit | p. 169 |
Planting Rhubarb | p. 172 |
Chapter 7 Container Gardening and Greenhouse Growing | p. 177 |
Container Gardening | p. 178 |
Types of containers and what they are used for | p. 180 |
Container planting | p. 183 |
Sources for obtaining containers | p. 184 |
Spaces to put the containers | p. 184 |
Case Study: Outrageous Gardening with Recycled Materials | p. 186 |
Greenhouse Growing | p. 187 |
Greenhouse design and construction | p. 189 |
Heating equipment | p. 191 |
Fruits and berries that are grown in a greenhouse | p. 192 |
Case Study: Raising Tomatoes from Seedlings in Greenhouses | p. 193 |
Chapter 8 Ongoing Care | p. 197 |
General Care | p. 197 |
Sunlight | p. 198 |
Watering | p. 198 |
Fertilizing | p. 199 |
Weeding | p. 199 |
Pruning | p. 200 |
Case Study: Caring for Fruit Trees and Berry Bushes as a Labor of Love | p. 204 |
Low-Temperature Climate Care | p. 205 |
Dormancy | p. 206 |
Protection from frost | p. 207 |
Chapter 9 Pests and Diseases | p. 211 |
Purchasing Healthy Cultivars | p. 211 |
Pests | p. 212 |
Aphids | p. 214 |
Borers | p. 216 |
Caspid bugs | p. 217 |
Caterpillars | p. 218 |
Curculio | p. 219 |
Grubs | p. 219 |
Maggots | p. 220 |
Mealybugs | p. 221 |
Repelling mealybugs | p. 221 |
Mites | p. 222 |
Moths | p. 223 |
Nematodes | p. 224 |
Pear psylla | p. 225 |
Scale insects | p. 225 |
Slugs | p. 226 |
Suckers | p. 227 |
Wasps | p. 227 |
Worms | p. 228 |
General long-term pest protection | p. 229 |
Barriers for keeping out furry scavengers | p. 230 |
Diseases | p. 230 |
Common causes | p. 230 |
Common types of diseases | p. 232 |
Examples of common fruit plant diseases | p. 233 |
Chapter 10 Enjoying the Feast - Harvesting and Storing Your Fruit | p. 241 |
The Right Time for Harvesting Tree Fruit and Berries | p. 241 |
Problems with harvesting too early | p. 242 |
Problems with harvesting too late | p. 243 |
Methods for picking fruits and berries | p. 244 |
The best way to pick each type of fruit | p. 244 |
CaseStudy: Harvesting, Baking, and Preserving Rabbiteye Blueberries in North Carolina | p. 245 |
Eat, Drink, and Save Some for Later | p. 250 |
Appendix A Resources for Finding Garden Tools and Supplies | p. 251 |
Appendix B Recipes | p. 263 |
Apple Salsa (Matt Higgins) | p. 263 |
Blueberry Squares (Connie Stanfield) | p. 264 |
Classic Spanish Sparkling Sangría | p. 264 |
Fruit Shakes | p. 265 |
Honey Madelines (a nod to the bees) | p. 266 |
Hot Apple Soup | p. 267 |
Lemon Mousse | p. 269 |
Raspberry Fool | p. 270 |
Strawberries in Cream | p. 271 |
Apple Pie | p. 272 |
Four Berry Fruit Cobbler | p. 273 |
Grilled Peaches with Cinnamon Sugar Butter | p. 274 |
Easy Triple Fruit Jam | p. 275 |
French Cream Fruit Dip | p. 276 |
Appendix C List of Scientific Names of Fruits and Berries | p. 277 |
Glossary | p. 279 |
Author Biography | p. 283 |
Index | p. 285 |